Posted by: Steven Toscher | December 17, 2025

What Can We Expect from the IRS Criminal Investigation—the CI Annual Report for 2025 by Steven Toscher, Sandra R. Brown and Philipp Behrendt

The IRS Criminal Investigation’s FY 2025 Annual Report was just issued and it tells practitioners where CI spent time, what CI measured, and where CI believes it produced results. Unfortunately, it does not tell us where CI is going –but it does give us some clues and reflects a vibrant CI with significant accomplishments for 2025. (IRS-CI Annual Report 2025, pp. 2–4).

Steven Toscher is the Managing Principal of the law firm, who specializes in civil and criminal tax controversy and litigation. Mr. Toscher is a Certified Tax Specialist in Taxation, the State Bar of California Board of Legal Specialization, a Fellow of the American College of Tax Counsel and has received an “AV” rating from Martindale Hubbell. Mr. Toscher serves as Co-Chair of the UCLA Tax Controversy Institute and Co-Chair of the ABA Criminal Tax Fraud and Tax Controversy Conference. Mr. Toscher is a frequent lecturer and author on tax controversy and litigation topics and is a co-author of the BNA Portfolio, Tax Crimes. Mr. Toscher was the 2018 recipient of the Joanne M. Garvey Award, given annually to recognize lifetime achievement and outstanding contributions to the field of tax law by a senior member of the California tax bar. Mr. Toscher is also the recipient the USD School of Law Richard Carpenter Excellence in Tax Award. In 2024 Mr. Toscher was the recipient of the prestigious Jules Ritholz Memorial Merit Award presented by the Civil and Criminal Tax Penalties Committee of the Taxation Section of the American Bar Association, recognizing tax lawyers who have demonstrated outstanding dedication, achievement and integrity in the field of civil and criminal tax controversies. 

For more information, please contact Steven Toscher at toscher@taxlitigator.com.

Sandra R. Brown is a Principal of Hochman Salkin Toscher Perez P.C., where her practice focuses on criminal tax investigations, grand jury matters, litigation, and sentencing matters as well as representing and advising taxpayers involved in complex and sophisticated civil tax controversies, including sensitive-issue audits and administrative appeals and litigation. Ms. Brown’s extensive experience and successes have included many notable cases including two U.S. Supreme Court decisions, numerous 9th Circuit rulings and numerous favorable administrative resolutions for taxpayers involved in IRS investigations and audits.

Prior to joining the firm in 2018, Ms. Brown served as the Acting United States Attorney, First Assistant United States Attorney, and Chief of the Tax Division in the Office of the U.S. Attorney, Central District of California; where, with 27 years as a trial lawyer, she personally litigated over 2,000 tax cases on behalf of the United States.

Ms. Brown obtained her LL.M. in Taxation from the University of Denver, is a fellow of the American College of Tax Counsel, Vice-Chair of the ABA’s Section of Taxation’s Criminal and Civil Tax Penalties Committee, Co-Chair of the UCLA Tax Controversy Institute, Co-Chair of the ABA Criminal Tax Fraud and Tax Controversy Conference, an ABA Loretta Collins Argrett Fellowship Mentor, and is a frequent lecturer and author on tax controversy topics, including international compliance and criminal tax matters. Ms. Brown has been recognized as one of California’s top 100 leading women lawyers, the recipient of USD School of Law’s Richard Carpenter Excellence in Tax Award, Chambers High Net Worth in Tax and Tax Fraud, and an honoree of the inaugural Lawdragon 500 Leading Global Tax Lawyers.

For more information, please contact Sandra R. Brown at brown@taxlitigator.com

Philipp Behrendt is an Associate at Hochman Salkin Toscher Perez P.C., licensed in California as well as in Germany and assists in advising clients in civil and criminal tax controversies as well as international money laundering investigations stemming from tax avoidance structures. He also focuses on the technical aspects involved in advising voluntary disclosures in connection with DeFis, NFTs, and other crypto assets. Philipp is a Liaison to the Young Lawyer Committee for the ABA Tax Section’s Civil and Criminal Tax Penalties Committee and served on the Beverly Hills Bar Association’s Barristers Board of Governors from 2022 to 2023. Philipp is the Chair of the Beverly Hills Bar Association’s Tax Section, a Liaison.

For more information, please contact Philipp Behrendt at behrendt@taxlitigator.com.


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